/* Copyright (C) 1997, 2000 Aladdin Enterprises.  All rights reserved.
  
  This software is provided AS-IS with no warranty, either express or
  implied.
  
  This software is distributed under license and may not be copied,
  modified or distributed except as expressly authorized under the terms
  of the license contained in the file LICENSE in this distribution.
  
  For more information about licensing, please refer to
  http://www.ghostscript.com/licensing/. For information on
  commercial licensing, go to http://www.artifex.com/licensing/ or
  contact Artifex Software, Inc., 101 Lucas Valley Road #110,
  San Rafael, CA  94903, U.S.A., +1(415)492-9861.
*/

/* $Id: gsfunc0.c,v 1.10 2002/10/07 08:28:56 ghostgum Exp $ */
/* Implementation of FunctionType 0 (Sampled) Functions */
#include "math_.h"
#include "gx.h"
#include "gserrors.h"
#include "gsfunc0.h"
#include "gsparam.h"
#include "gxfarith.h"
#include "gxfunc.h"

typedef struct gs_function_Sd_s {
    gs_function_head_t head;
    gs_function_Sd_params_t params;
} gs_function_Sd_t;

/* GC descriptor */
private_st_function_Sd();
private
ENUM_PTRS_WITH(function_Sd_enum_ptrs, gs_function_Sd_t *pfn)
{
    index -= 3;
    if (index < st_data_source_max_ptrs)
	return ENUM_USING(st_data_source, &pfn->params.DataSource,
			  sizeof(pfn->params.DataSource), index);
    return ENUM_USING_PREFIX(st_function, st_data_source_max_ptrs);
}
ENUM_PTR3(0, gs_function_Sd_t, params.Encode, params.Decode, params.Size);
ENUM_PTRS_END
private
RELOC_PTRS_WITH(function_Sd_reloc_ptrs, gs_function_Sd_t *pfn)
{
    RELOC_PREFIX(st_function);
    RELOC_USING(st_data_source, &pfn->params.DataSource,
		sizeof(pfn->params.DataSource));
    RELOC_PTR3(gs_function_Sd_t, params.Encode, params.Decode, params.Size);
}
RELOC_PTRS_END

/* Define the maximum plausible number of inputs and outputs */
/* for a Sampled function. */
#define max_Sd_m 16
#define max_Sd_n 16

/* Get one set of sample values. */
#define SETUP_SAMPLES(bps, nbytes)\
	int n = pfn->params.n;\
	byte buf[max_Sd_n * ((bps + 7) >> 3)];\
	const byte *p;\
	int i;\
\
	data_source_access(&pfn->params.DataSource, offset >> 3,\
			   nbytes, buf, &p)

private int
fn_gets_1(const gs_function_Sd_t * pfn, ulong offset, uint * samples)
{
    SETUP_SAMPLES(1, ((offset & 7) + n + 7) >> 3);
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
	samples[i] = (*p >> (~offset & 7)) & 1;
	if (!(++offset & 7))
	    p++;
    }
    return 0;
}
private int
fn_gets_2(const gs_function_Sd_t * pfn, ulong offset, uint * samples)
{
    SETUP_SAMPLES(2, (((offset & 7) >> 1) + n + 3) >> 2);
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
	samples[i] = (*p >> (6 - (offset & 7))) & 3;
	if (!((offset += 2) & 7))
	    p++;
    }
    return 0;
}
private int
fn_gets_4(const gs_function_Sd_t * pfn, ulong offset, uint * samples)
{
    SETUP_SAMPLES(4, (((offset & 7) >> 2) + n + 1) >> 1);
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
	samples[i] = ((offset ^= 4) & 4 ? *p >> 4 : *p++ & 0xf);
    }
    return 0;
}
private int
fn_gets_8(const gs_function_Sd_t * pfn, ulong offset, uint * samples)
{
    SETUP_SAMPLES(8, n);
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
	samples[i] = *p++;
    }
    return 0;
}
private int
fn_gets_12(const gs_function_Sd_t * pfn, ulong offset, uint * samples)
{
    SETUP_SAMPLES(12, (((offset & 7) >> 2) + 3 * n + 1) >> 1);
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
	if (offset & 4)
	    samples[i] = ((*p & 0xf) << 8) + p[1], p += 2;
	else
	    samples[i] = (*p << 4) + (p[1] >> 4), p++;
	offset ^= 4;
    }
    return 0;
}
private int
fn_gets_16(const gs_function_Sd_t * pfn, ulong offset, uint * samples)
{
    SETUP_SAMPLES(16, n * 2);
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
	samples[i] = (*p << 8) + p[1];
	p += 2;
    }
    return 0;
}
private int
fn_gets_24(const gs_function_Sd_t * pfn, ulong offset, uint * samples)
{
    SETUP_SAMPLES(24, n * 3);
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
	samples[i] = (*p << 16) + (p[1] << 8) + p[2];
	p += 3;
    }
    return 0;
}
private int
fn_gets_32(const gs_function_Sd_t * pfn, ulong offset, uint * samples)
{
    SETUP_SAMPLES(32, n * 4);
    for (i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
	samples[i] = (*p << 24) + (p[1] << 16) + (p[2] << 8) + p[3];
	p += 4;
    }
    return 0;
}

private int (*const fn_get_samples[]) (const gs_function_Sd_t * pfn,
				       ulong offset, uint * samples) =
{
    0, fn_gets_1, fn_gets_2, 0, fn_gets_4, 0, 0, 0,
	fn_gets_8, 0, 0, 0, fn_gets_12, 0, 0, 0,
	fn_gets_16, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
	fn_gets_24, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
	fn_gets_32
};

/*
 * Compute a value by cubic interpolation.
 * f[] = f(0), f(1), f(2), f(3); 1 < x < 2.
 * The formula is derived from those presented in
 * http://www.cs.uwa.edu.au/undergraduate/units/233.413/Handouts/Lecture04.html
 * (thanks to Raph Levien for the reference).
 */
private double
interpolate_cubic(floatp x, floatp f0, floatp f1, floatp f2, floatp f3)
{
    /*
     * The parameter 'a' affects the contribution of the high-frequency
     * components.  The abovementioned source suggests a = -0.5.
     */
#define a (-0.5) 
#define SQR(v) ((v) * (v))
#define CUBE(v) ((v) * (v) * (v))
    const double xm1 = x - 1, m2x = 2 - x, m3x = 3 - x;
    const double c =
	(a * CUBE(x) - 5 * a * SQR(x) + 8 * a * x - 4 * a) * f0 +
	((a+2) * CUBE(xm1) - (a+3) * SQR(xm1) + 1) * f1 +
	((a+2) * CUBE(m2x) - (a+3) * SQR(m2x) + 1) * f2 +
	(a * CUBE(m3x) - 5 * a * SQR(m3x) + 8 * a * m3x - 4 * a) * f3;

    if_debug6('~', "[~](%g, %g, %g, %g)order3(%g) => %g\n",
	      f0, f1, f2, f3, x, c);
    return c;
#undef a
#undef SQR
#undef CUBE
}

/*
 * Compute a value by quadratic interpolation.
 * f[] = f(0), f(1), f(2); 0 < x < 1.
 *
 * We used to use a quadratic formula for this, derived from
 * f(0) = f0, f(1) = f1, f'(1) = (f2 - f0) / 2, but now we
 * match what we believe is Acrobat Reader's behavior.
 */
inline private double
interpolate_quadratic(floatp x, floatp f0, floatp f1, floatp f2)
{
    return interpolate_cubic(x + 1, f0, f0, f1, f2);
}

/* Calculate a result by multicubic interpolation. */
private void
fn_interpolate_cubic(const gs_function_Sd_t *pfn, const float *fparts,
		     const int *iparts, const ulong *factors,
		     float *samples, ulong offset, int m)
{
    int j;

top:
    if (m == 0) {
	uint sdata[max_Sd_n];

	(*fn_get_samples[pfn->params.BitsPerSample])(pfn, offset, sdata);
	for (j = pfn->params.n - 1; j >= 0; --j)
	    samples[j] = (float)sdata[j];
    } else {
	float fpart = *fparts++;
	int ipart = *iparts++;
	ulong delta = *factors++;
	int size = pfn->params.Size[pfn->params.m - m];
	float samples1[max_Sd_n], samplesm1[max_Sd_n], samples2[max_Sd_n];

	--m;
	if (is_fzero(fpart))
	    goto top;
	fn_interpolate_cubic(pfn, fparts, iparts, factors, samples,
			     offset, m);
	fn_interpolate_cubic(pfn, fparts, iparts, factors, samples1,
			     offset + delta, m);
	/* Ensure we don't try to access out of bounds. */
	/*
	 * If size == 1, the only possible value for ipart and fpart is
	 * 0, so we've already handled this case.
	 */
	if (size == 2) {	/* ipart = 0 */
	    /* Use linear interpolation. */
	    for (j = pfn->params.n - 1; j >= 0; --j)
		samples[j] += (samples1[j] - samples[j]) * fpart;
	    return;
	}
	if (ipart == 0) {
	    /* Use quadratic interpolation. */
	    fn_interpolate_cubic(pfn, fparts, iparts, factors,
				 samples2, offset + delta * 2, m);
	    for (j = pfn->params.n - 1; j >= 0; --j)
		samples[j] =
		    interpolate_quadratic(fpart, samples[j],
					  samples1[j], samples2[j]);
	    return;
	}
	/* At this point we know ipart > 0, size >= 3. */
	fn_interpolate_cubic(pfn, fparts, iparts, factors, samplesm1,
			     offset - delta, m);
	if (ipart == size - 2) {
	    /* Use quadratic interpolation. */
	    for (j = pfn->params.n - 1; j >= 0; --j)
		samples[j] =
		    interpolate_quadratic(1 - fpart, samples1[j],
					  samples[j], samplesm1[j]);
	    return;
	}
	/* Now we know 0 < ipart < size - 2, size > 3. */
	fn_interpolate_cubic(pfn, fparts, iparts, factors,
			     samples2, offset + delta * 2, m);
	for (j = pfn->params.n - 1; j >= 0; --j)
	    samples[j] =
		interpolate_cubic(fpart + 1, samplesm1[j], samples[j],
				  samples1[j], samples2[j]);
    }
}

/* Calculate a result by multilinear interpolation. */
private void
fn_interpolate_linear(const gs_function_Sd_t *pfn, const float *fparts,
		 const ulong *factors, float *samples, ulong offset, int m)
{
    int j;

top:
    if (m == 0) {
	uint sdata[max_Sd_n];

	(*fn_get_samples[pfn->params.BitsPerSample])(pfn, offset, sdata);
	for (j = pfn->params.n - 1; j >= 0; --j)
	    samples[j] = (float)sdata[j];
    } else {
	float fpart = *fparts++;
	float samples1[max_Sd_n];

	if (is_fzero(fpart)) {
	    ++factors;
	    --m;
	    goto top;
	}
	fn_interpolate_linear(pfn, fparts, factors + 1, samples,
			      offset, m - 1);
	fn_interpolate_linear(pfn, fparts, factors + 1, samples1,
			      offset + *factors, m - 1);
	for (j = pfn->params.n - 1; j >= 0; --j)
	    samples[j] += (samples1[j] - samples[j]) * fpart;
    }
}

/* Evaluate a Sampled function. */
private int
fn_Sd_evaluate(const gs_function_t * pfn_common, const float *in, float *out)
{
    const gs_function_Sd_t *pfn = (const gs_function_Sd_t *)pfn_common;
    int bps = pfn->params.BitsPerSample;
    ulong offset = 0;
    int i;
    float encoded[max_Sd_m];
    int iparts[max_Sd_m];	/* only needed for cubic interpolation */
    ulong factors[max_Sd_m];
    float samples[max_Sd_n];

    /* Encode the input values. */

    for (i = 0; i < pfn->params.m; ++i) {
	float d0 = pfn->params.Domain[2 * i],
	    d1 = pfn->params.Domain[2 * i + 1];
	float arg = in[i], enc;

	if (arg < d0)
	    arg = d0;
	else if (arg > d1)
	    arg = d1;
	if (pfn->params.Encode) {
	    float e0 = pfn->params.Encode[2 * i];
	    float e1 = pfn->params.Encode[2 * i + 1];

	    enc = (arg - d0) * (e1 - e0) / (d1 - d0) + e0;
	    if (enc < 0)
		encoded[i] = 0;
	    else if (enc >= pfn->params.Size[i] - 1)
		encoded[i] = (float)pfn->params.Size[i] - 1;
	    else
		encoded[i] = enc;
	} else {
	    /* arg is guaranteed to be in bounds, ergo so is enc */
	    encoded[i] = (arg - d0) * (pfn->params.Size[i] - 1) / (d1 - d0);
	}
    }

    /* Look up and interpolate the output values. */

    {
	ulong factor = bps * pfn->params.n;

	for (i = 0; i < pfn->params.m; factor *= pfn->params.Size[i++]) {
	    int ipart = (int)encoded[i];

	    offset += (factors[i] = factor) * ipart;
	    iparts[i] = ipart;	/* only needed for cubic interpolation */
	    encoded[i] -= ipart;
	}
    }
    if (pfn->params.Order == 3)
	fn_interpolate_cubic(pfn, encoded, iparts, factors, samples,
			     offset, pfn->params.m);
    else
	fn_interpolate_linear(pfn, encoded, factors, samples, offset,
			      pfn->params.m);

    /* Encode the output values. */

    for (i = 0; i < pfn->params.n; ++i) {
	float d0, d1, r0, r1, value;

	if (pfn->params.Range)
	    r0 = pfn->params.Range[2 * i], r1 = pfn->params.Range[2 * i + 1];
	else
	    r0 = 0, r1 = (float)((1 << bps) - 1);
	if (pfn->params.Decode)
	    d0 = pfn->params.Decode[2 * i], d1 = pfn->params.Decode[2 * i + 1];
	else
	    d0 = r0, d1 = r1;

	value = samples[i] * (d1 - d0) / ((1 << bps) - 1) + d0;
	if (value < r0)
	    out[i] = r0;
	else if (value > r1)
	    out[i] = r1;
	else
	    out[i] = value;
    }

    return 0;
}

/* Test whether a Sampled function is monotonic. */
private int
fn_Sd_is_monotonic(const gs_function_t * pfn_common,
		   const float *lower, const float *upper,
		   gs_function_effort_t effort)
{
    const gs_function_Sd_t *const pfn =
	(const gs_function_Sd_t *)pfn_common;
    float d0 = pfn->params.Domain[0], d1 = pfn->params.Domain[1];
    float v0 = lower[0], v1 = upper[0];
    float e0, e1, w0, w1;
    float r0[max_Sd_n], r1[max_Sd_n];
    int code, i, result;

    /*
     * Testing this in general is very time-consuming, so we don't bother.
     * However, we do implement it correctly for one special case that is
     * important in practice: for 1-input functions when the lower and
     * upper values are in the same sample cell.
     */
    if (pfn->params.m > 1)
	return gs_error_undefined;
    if (lower[0] > pfn->params.Domain[1] ||
	upper[0] < pfn->params.Domain[0]
	)
	return gs_error_rangecheck;
    if (pfn->params.n > sizeof(int) * 4 - 1)
	return 0;		/* can't represent result */
    if (pfn->params.Encode)
	e0 = pfn->params.Encode[0], e1 = pfn->params.Encode[1];
    else
	e0 = 0, e1 = (float)pfn->params.Size[0];
    w0 = (v0 - d0) * (e1 - e0) / (d1 - d0) + e0;
    if (w0 < 0)
	w0 = 0;
    else if (w0 >= pfn->params.Size[0] - 1)
	w0 = (float)pfn->params.Size[0] - 1;
    w1 = (v1 - d0) * (e1 - e0) / (d1 - d0) + e0;
    if (w1 < 0)
	w1 = 0;
    else if (w1 >= pfn->params.Size[0] - 1)
	w1 = (float)pfn->params.Size[0] - 1;
    if ((int)w0 != (int)w1)
	return gs_error_undefined; /* not in the same sample */
    code = gs_function_evaluate(pfn_common, lower, r0);
    if (code < 0)
	return code;
    gs_function_evaluate(pfn_common, upper, r1);
    if (code < 0)
	return code;
    for (i = 0, result = 0; i < pfn->params.n; ++i) {
	double diff = r1[i] - r0[i];

	result |=
	    (diff < 0 ? FN_MONOTONIC_DECREASING :
	     diff > 0 ? FN_MONOTONIC_INCREASING :
	     FN_MONOTONIC_DECREASING | FN_MONOTONIC_INCREASING) <<
	    (2 * i);
    }
    return result;
}

/* Return Sampled function information. */
private void
fn_Sd_get_info(const gs_function_t *pfn_common, gs_function_info_t *pfi)
{
    const gs_function_Sd_t *const pfn =
	(const gs_function_Sd_t *)pfn_common;
    long size;
    int i;

    gs_function_get_info_default(pfn_common, pfi);
    pfi->DataSource = &pfn->params.DataSource;
    for (i = 0, size = 1; i < pfn->params.m; ++i)
	size *= pfn->params.Size[i];
    pfi->data_size =
	(size * pfn->params.n * pfn->params.BitsPerSample + 7) >> 3;
}

/* Write Sampled function parameters on a parameter list. */
private int
fn_Sd_get_params(const gs_function_t *pfn_common, gs_param_list *plist)
{
    const gs_function_Sd_t *const pfn =
	(const gs_function_Sd_t *)pfn_common;
    int ecode = fn_common_get_params(pfn_common, plist);
    int code;

    if (pfn->params.Order != 1) {
	if ((code = param_write_int(plist, "Order", &pfn->params.Order)) < 0)
	    ecode = code;
    }
    if ((code = param_write_int(plist, "BitsPerSample",
				&pfn->params.BitsPerSample)) < 0)
	ecode = code;
    if (pfn->params.Encode) {
	if ((code = param_write_float_values(plist, "Encode",
					     pfn->params.Encode,
					     2 * pfn->params.m, false)) < 0)
	    ecode = code;
    }
    if (pfn->params.Decode) {
	if ((code = param_write_float_values(plist, "Decode",
					     pfn->params.Decode,
					     2 * pfn->params.n, false)) < 0)
	    ecode = code;
    }
    if (pfn->params.Size) {
	if ((code = param_write_int_values(plist, "Size", pfn->params.Size,
					   pfn->params.m, false)) < 0)
	    ecode = code;
    }
    return ecode;
}

/* Make a scaled copy of a Sampled function. */
private int
fn_Sd_make_scaled(const gs_function_Sd_t *pfn, gs_function_Sd_t **ppsfn,
		  const gs_range_t *pranges, gs_memory_t *mem)
{
    gs_function_Sd_t *psfn =
	gs_alloc_struct(mem, gs_function_Sd_t, &st_function_Sd,
			"fn_Sd_make_scaled");
    int code;

    if (psfn == 0)
	return_error(gs_error_VMerror);
    psfn->params = pfn->params;
    psfn->params.Encode = 0;		/* in case of failure */
    psfn->params.Decode = 0;
    psfn->params.Size =
	fn_copy_values(pfn->params.Size, pfn->params.m, sizeof(int), mem);
    if ((code = (psfn->params.Size == 0 ?
		 gs_note_error(gs_error_VMerror) : 0)) < 0 ||
	(code = fn_common_scale((gs_function_t *)psfn,
				(const gs_function_t *)pfn,
				pranges, mem)) < 0 ||
	(code = fn_scale_pairs(&psfn->params.Encode, pfn->params.Encode,
			       pfn->params.m, NULL, mem)) < 0 ||
	(code = fn_scale_pairs(&psfn->params.Decode, pfn->params.Decode,
			       pfn->params.n, pranges, mem)) < 0) {
	gs_function_free((gs_function_t *)psfn, true, mem);
    } else
	*ppsfn = psfn;
    return code;
}

/* Free the parameters of a Sampled function. */
void
gs_function_Sd_free_params(gs_function_Sd_params_t * params, gs_memory_t * mem)
{
    gs_free_const_object(mem, params->Size, "Size");
    gs_free_const_object(mem, params->Decode, "Decode");
    gs_free_const_object(mem, params->Encode, "Encode");
    fn_common_free_params((gs_function_params_t *) params, mem);
}

/* Allocate and initialize a Sampled function. */
int
gs_function_Sd_init(gs_function_t ** ppfn,
		  const gs_function_Sd_params_t * params, gs_memory_t * mem)
{
    static const gs_function_head_t function_Sd_head = {
	function_type_Sampled,
	{
	    (fn_evaluate_proc_t) fn_Sd_evaluate,
	    (fn_is_monotonic_proc_t) fn_Sd_is_monotonic,
	    (fn_get_info_proc_t) fn_Sd_get_info,
	    (fn_get_params_proc_t) fn_Sd_get_params,
	    (fn_make_scaled_proc_t) fn_Sd_make_scaled,
	    (fn_free_params_proc_t) gs_function_Sd_free_params,
	    fn_common_free
	}
    };
    int code;
    int i;

    *ppfn = 0;			/* in case of error */
    code = fn_check_mnDR((const gs_function_params_t *)params,
			 params->m, params->n);
    if (code < 0)
	return code;
    if (params->m > max_Sd_m)
	return_error(gs_error_limitcheck);
    switch (params->Order) {
	case 0:		/* use default */
	case 1:
	case 3:
	    break;
	default:
	    return_error(gs_error_rangecheck);
    }
    switch (params->BitsPerSample) {
	case 1:
	case 2:
	case 4:
	case 8:
	case 12:
	case 16:
	case 24:
	case 32:
	    break;
	default:
	    return_error(gs_error_rangecheck);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < params->m; ++i)
	if (params->Size[i] <= 0)
	    return_error(gs_error_rangecheck);
    {
	gs_function_Sd_t *pfn =
	    gs_alloc_struct(mem, gs_function_Sd_t, &st_function_Sd,
			    "gs_function_Sd_init");

	if (pfn == 0)
	    return_error(gs_error_VMerror);
	pfn->params = *params;
	if (params->Order == 0)
	    pfn->params.Order = 1;	/* default */
	pfn->head = function_Sd_head;
	pfn->head.is_monotonic =
	    fn_domain_is_monotonic((gs_function_t *)pfn, EFFORT_MODERATE);
	*ppfn = (gs_function_t *) pfn;
    }
    return 0;
}
